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(1993) Reliability assessment of water supply systems with storage and distribution networks. (1992) Optimisationavailability-based design of water distribution networks. Technomic Publishing, Lancaster.Ĭullinane, M.J., Lansey, K.E., and Mays, L.W. (1991) Analysis of flow in water distribution networks. 27 Siemon Co Dr, Suite200W, Watertown, CT06795, USAīhave, P.R. 15-20.īentley Systems, Inc (2006) WaterGEMS v8 User Manual. (2008) Evaluation of Emergency Water Supply Plan for Block System of Water Network using WaterGEMS, J. (2010b) Estimation of the Reliability of Water Distribution Systems using HSPDA Model and ADF Index, J. (2010a) Estimating the Reliability of Water Distribution Systems Using HSPDA Model and Distance Measure Method, J. (2007) Development of HSPDA Model for Water Distribution System under Abnormal Operating Condition, J. Water Resour Plann Manag, ASCE, Vol, 132, No. (2006) Solution for water distribution systems under pressure-deficient conditions, J. The developed PDA model is capable to solve negative pressure problem shown in existing DDA model and to analyse evaluation of emergency water supply plan with high reliability. The results showed to 66~100% of the total network demand was available in the emergency scenarios of failure in each reservoir. Additionally, the developed model was applied to evaluate the emergency water supply plan of a large block system in Yeong Wol. The Gradient Algorithm used for DDA in EPANET was improved to develop a PDA model based on the Global Gradient Algorithm. However, in abnormal conditions such as pipe failure or excess of demand, DDA model may produce unrealistic outputs such as negative pressure, so application of PDA model is required. In DDA, it is assumed that available discharge in demand nodes is always equal to the required discharge, and the assumption is suitable for a steady state condition. Hydraulic analysis of water distribution systems (WDS) is divided into two types, one is Demand Driven Analysis (DDA) which applies to a steady state condition and other is Pressure Driven Analysis (PDA) which applies to an abnormal condition.